00:01Morning everybody, my name’s Shawn Morish. I have two positions.

00:06I’m a researcher with the University College Dublin in the school of architecture, landscape, and civil engineering.

00:13I head up or part of a group that is the urban modeling group.

00:18I’m also...work with as a...the 3D spatial manager for EMA Design here in California.

00:26So my focus is talking and working with three-dimensional and modeling three-dimensional urban environments...

00:35...and to do that, one of the issues is, as Carl always talks about is...

00:40...you need to get all this information into your system before you actually do any modeling.

00:45But how much do you need and where do you get it from is one of the things...

00:52...that we’ve been looking at in the university and trying to...tried to address.

00:57So we went towards using lidar, and Dublin is, anybody who’s been there...

01:07...how many...has anybody ever been to Dublin? Can I have...

01:10So there’s a lot of people who know Dublin.

01:12Dublin is a very old city. It was founded in the 858, so it’s quite old, has a lot of the Vikings set it up...

01:23...and through the years it was improved on and it served as a regency capital.

01:32It was one of the regency capitals for the British Empire in the 1800s.

01:39So a lot of Georgian architecture is very, very involved in the city.

01:45So it’s now just been recognized as a UNESCO City of Literature so the city itself forms a basis for many of the stories...

01:59...that many of the authors that you know about, and James Joyce who’s up there, has written very well.

02:06So anybody’s who’s followed Ulysses can actually walk through Dublin...

02:10...and see the areas that James Joyce talks about in his Bloomsday epic.

02:18Here we have the early 1900s picture of the GPO where the independence started for Ireland...

02:30...in many ways, but it was destroyed afterwards and been rebuilt since.

02:36So one of our founders is, and very important, is Arthur Guinness, and he’s got a large influence on the structure of the city.

02:47And the city has changed. Now we’ve replaced Nelson’s Column with what we call the Spike in the city, in the center. It’s a spire.

02:56And how the city has actually changed over time. It’s become a bustling metropolis.

03:02We have Google. We have many international companies there...

03:06...and we’ve got a good change of different types of transportation sites available as well.

03:15We’ve also got quite a number of extensive, different types of architecture...

03:21...which have been coming to the city to change the process.

03:24So when you have all this change happening, how do you maintain and manage the existing structure...

03:31...and use that...integrate the geodesign process into that existing structure?

03:38So with the number...large number of Georgian buildings we have...

03:42...we’ve, over the years there’ve been a number of architectural inventories.

03:48So buildings of interest, buildings of merit have been surveyed by architects.

03:55The information of the interiors has been catalogued, from frescoes to architectural, Georgian architectural information...

04:05...and all this has been stored in tables and then over the years it’s been...sat there, and we’ve...in the college...we’ve taken it...

04:13...and we’ve brought it into a online web-enabled system, which allows us to assist planners, architects, conservators...

04:27...in being able to look at the different information that is out there...

04:31...that they need to assess the state of the city for any future changes in the city’s scape.

04:39And this is an example of Hybernia. It’s an inventory of streets and buildings in the city.

04:46It’s both tabular and spatially enabled.

04:52One of the largest changes that’s going to occur in the next 10 years...

04:57...if we have any money, we’re slightly in debt like everybody else...

05:01...Stephen’s Green, to the airport, which will speed the access from the city to the airport...

05:02...but there’s plans to build the Metro North, which is an underground metro from the city center...

05:17...and be able to get more tourists in.

05:19One of the problems with this is that Dublin is a city built on glacial till...

05:27...which is not the best type of material for tunneling...

05:31...and most of the city center is Georgian, unreinforced, masonry buildings.

05:37So you put tunnels on glacial till together, you have subsidence.

05:42We recently built a tunnel from the port to the airport for heavy-goods traffic...

05:50...and one in five buildings on the route suffered some form of structural cracking.

05:56So we’re focusing on how do you change this and mitigate this.

06:02And to do this, we had a lidar scan. So any of you who’re familiar with lidar...

06:10...it allows you to use a laser to pinpoint features and capture point clouds of features...

06:21...normally would be the surface of the earth, but we’re looking at buildings themselves.

06:27So most of the problems that have occurred in urban modeling from lidar is, you can capture the ceilings, or you can, sorry...

06:36...you can capture the roofs of the buildings, but it’s very, very hard to actually capture the facades...

06:42...or the city structure itself, the footpaths, the street furniture, or any of that.

06:49You can do it by driving a vehicle through it, but then you don’t capture the tops of the buildings.

06:54So we devised a survey process using helicopter and a dense lidar point cloud structure...

07:05...which eliminates the shadowing effect that you have from buildings.

07:10So we were able to gather this height map of the city center, and while we were doing this...

07:18...we were also...used the same process to actually colorize those points.

07:24So we actually not only have the points themselves, the intensity from the points...

07:29...which is the amount of information that’s returned, but also the actual real-life color as well.

07:37So, on the top right-hand side you have Trinity College, and from that we’re able to model a three dimensional...

07:47...this is totally made up of points, of the city’s, of, this is Trinity College campus...

07:58...and you can see...be able to extract out the building facades as well.

08:04And from that we’re able to look at, not just the buildings, but also the tree health in the city...

08:13...and also any of the information that’s available in the city on the streets themselves.

08:19And we have a colorized from that.

08:23And then to look at volumes, to see where to be able to do things like volume calculations, sun-shadow calculations...

08:32...reflectivity calculations, we were able to create a voxel model of the city, which doesn’t quite represent it exactly...

08:42...but it’s close to, and it’s as close, you know, you will get this type...

08:46...this is a much more accurate model than a simple DTM or a DEM.

08:52So from the...how do we use this in a geodesign environment?

08:58One of the things to do is to look at how are these buildings affected, or possibly affected, by changes through tunneling?

09:10So we have our...we’re able to extract out our building façade, and this doesn’t give us information...

09:16...or this doesn’t give us the model of the building itself, but by using a series of buildings, extracting out that façade...

09:26...creating a model of that façade, and then feeding that...automatically feeding that model into a finite element system...

09:35...we’re able to, one, create our building with the windows.

09:38It’s a little rough at the moment. We’re working on finessing that so we get a better model of the buildings themselves.

09:46And then using the tools in Finite Element Modeling, you’re allowed to...

09:53...and also the information that is fed into the system from the data that’s extracted from your intensity and your RGB...

10:03...so you can define whether a building is steel, concrete, masonry.

10:08You can assign values to the structure itself and get an analysis of how it is affected by changes in the ground.

10:22So we’re integrating the above ground, we’re integrating the land use...

10:27....we’re integrating the subsurface that is available as well...

10:33...and then we’re modeling these type of things.

10:39So here is just the...you know, these are the types of issues that we’re addressing.

10:44So, many different formats, all...trying to bring them all into one cross platform and system...

10:56...and then this is the output that we hope to receive.

11:01On the planning side then, we just have some of the processes that we used for planning.

11:11And then in the field itself, we’re using these to look at different types of design in real-world...

11:21...and look at the site analysis for areas...

11:25...look at the different types of effects that land use and cut and fill slopes and other information that that would have...

11:34...and then create 3D models of that for visualization.

11:41So that is all I have for the moment. So, thank you very much for your listening.