00:01My name is David Watkins. I'm the cartography product manager at Esri, and I'm here with Jamie Conley…

00:04…using marker placement styles.

00:05…and she's a product engineer on the holistic testing team, and we're going to go through a lot of…

00:11…information here today and hopefully get you guys going with representations.

00:16How many of you guys have used representations already?

00:19Alright. That's more than half of you.

00:22Why are you guys here? No. Alright. Okay. More is good. Alright.

00:28Hopefully we'll be able to answer any questions you guys have. Let's just get going.

00:34What we're going to cover today, we're going to talk about what are representations?

00:38We're going to go into working with representation rules and talk about geometric effects, marker placement…

00:45…styles, and then we're going to talk about overrides.

00:51So I have to turn this this way so I can see it.

00:54First question, What are representations?

00:57So, representations are a way to symbolize your features to solve common cartographic challenges.

01:05So they're what we usually refer to as advanced symbology.

01:08You can do more with them than you can with the standard symbology that you've got with ArcMap.

01:13They're also a storage methodology for storing your symbology along with your data.

01:19And we'll go over more about how it does that as part of the workshop.

01:23And they're also part of a feature class because you're storing the representations with the feature class.

01:30But, keep in mind they're managed through the layer properties.

01:34So, it's a kind of important distinction to make, and just keep that in mind as we start going through all of these examples.

01:42So, speaking of examples, I think a good way to kind of explain what representations are…

01:48…is to talk about some of the… kind of things you can do with representations.

01:52So, you can create custom symbology and you can create some very, very advanced, complicated symbology with them.

02:00There's a whole editing tool in here for editing your symbols and building very complicated symbols.

02:08You can control the placement of markers with representations.

02:11And this gives us some powerful ways to build symbols where you can control if you want to place markers…

02:18…for example, completely inside the polygon boundaries or align them with line features…

02:24…and do different things with them like that.

02:27You can add drawing behaviors.

02:29So a good way to kind of think about representations is, you've got a symbol and you can add a behavior to it.

02:36So a behavior being like something like, in this case, I've got these offset lines where I'm creating this effect for the…

02:43…boundary features by offsetting multicolored lines inside the polygons.

02:49It's just one of the many kind of behaviors you can add with representations.

02:54You can also do masking with representations.

02:57So any of you guys use the standard kind of masking options in ArcMap? Quite a few of you.

03:02There are more than one way to mask features; there are actually quite a few ways, and it can get kind of complicated, but…

03:10…you can also mask them using representations.

03:14Another thing, and this what a lot of people think of with representations, is they give you a way to move the…

03:21…symbology without changing the underlying geometry of the features.

03:27So, it gives you a way to make cartographic edits to your database without changing the underlying, true centerline data.

03:39[unintelligible audience question]

03:40Oh, I'm sorry. Okay, I'm going to try to move this a little closer. Is that better? No?

03:49I should have started with, can everybody hear me?

03:52But… Is that better? Can you hear me in the back?

03:57Yes, okay. Alright. Thank you. Sorry about that.

04:03Before I get into this, I think it's important to know, and this question comes up at almost every session…

04:09…what are the licensing requirements for representations?

04:13Because there are different things you can do with different license levels and we often have a bunch of people…

04:20…who just use ArcView and some of them get up and leave at this point in the presentation when they realize…

04:26…with ArcView you can view representations, but it doesn't allow you to create new representations.

04:33So, you need an ArcEditor license to be able to create and use some of the geoprocessing tools with representations.

04:40And then there are some more advanced geoprocessing tools you can use at the ArcInfo license level.

04:46But, the most common things usually require an ArcEditor license for representations.

04:51So, does anybody want to get up and leave now or…no? Okay.

04:56[unintelligible audience question]

05:00Are those capabilities mutually exclusive?

05:04[unintelligible audience question]

05:12Yes, yes, so they, the ArcEditor license I'm talking about is Desktop.

05:17It doesn't have anything to do with Workstation.

05:19So, yeah, and for the, for this presentation, so just ignore Workstation.

05:27It doesn't deal with Workstation at all, so.

05:32Alright. So let's get in…let's get started.

05:35How do I create representations?

05:38How do I convert my symbology to representations?

05:40Well, the easiest way and the way most people do it is, they'll go in and they'll symbolize all their features …

05:45…with kind of the standard symbology, and then if you right-click on your layer, you get this option…

05:51…to convert to symbology to representations.

05:54And when you hit that, you're going to get this pop-up dialog, this menu, and it gives you some options in here.

06:00And the first one is, what do you want to call your representation?

06:03Layer. It's going to create a new layer for you.

06:06And, you're going to give it two field names - a rule ID and an override field, and it's going to default to, you know…

06:14…rule 1 and a rule ID and override, but you can call them whatever you want, really.

06:20And then you're going to get an option for, how do I want to store my changes, so my overrides.

06:25And you get a couple of different options.

06:28You can either store your changes into the feature geometry itself, so…

06:34…in that case, if you're editing a feature, it's going to change the geometry of the feature, so it's not going to have that effect…

06:42…I talked about where you're modifying just the symbol.

06:46The other option is to change the geometry of the - actually, I just did those in reverse, but, you're going to save the…

06:55…geometry changes as a representation override.

06:59So in that case, it's going to write the representation into a new field, this override field, and you'll be able to keep…

07:04…multiple shapes for the same feature.

07:08Does that make sense?

07:11No. Alright.

07:15So, basically the simple way to say this is, you have the choice to either, if you go in and edit a line…

07:22…you can either write the change to the line, to the Shape field, or you can write it to the Override field.

07:29And that's what this does; this is just telling us which field it's going to write to.

07:33And, I'll get into next how it's actually storing these.

07:37So, what it does when you run through that convert symbology to representation…

07:42…is, it adds two fields to your feature class.

07:45It adds that rule ID and it adds that override field.

07:51So, these are just attributes in your geodatabase.

07:55They're also properties of the feature class but you manage all of the contents of this through a layer.

08:00…another set of symbology for my city employees, I can have two sets of symbology, and all I'm doing…

08:01I kind of mentioned that before.

08:03So, when you make changes, you're not going to go into the table and calculate things.

08:07You're going to go in through the GUI and through the tools that we've got, and…

08:12…you're going to make changes to your feature.

08:13So when you make those changes, those changes are going to get written to that Override field, and…

08:19…we'll get into that in a lot of detail as we go along here.

08:23But that's just, it's important to know that it's actually storing these on the feature class itself.

08:30So, multiple representations.

08:33So, you can add more than one representation to the same feature class.

08:38You can just keep adding additional views of your data.

08:42So, they can be used to symbolize features differently.

08:46So, for example, in this case, if I want to have one set of symbology for a tourist map, and…

08:59…is setting those as two separate representations.

09:03You can also have different representations for different overrides you want to make to the data.

09:09So, let's say you want to symbolize a road and move it differently in one representation…

09:15…and then you want to move it a different way for another representation.

09:18You can do things like that, as well.

09:20So, it gives you really complete control over how you want to symbolize and work with your data.

09:26So, we're going to talk a little bit about representation rules now.

09:32So, what are representation rules?

09:33Well, again, they are symbols with behaviors.

09:38And the symbols are created as layers as the symbols, the same you would make any regular symbol.

09:43You can add multiple layers to a symbol.

09:46And, the behavior comes in the context of geometric effects and marker placement styles.

09:54And these are rules that you can apply that have some sort of behavior; they do something to the symbol…

10:00…on the fly as it's drawn.

10:03So, just an example of how a rule is built.

10:06So it's a unique symbol, so I'm going to refer to these as rules a lot, and you just have to kind of think, rule equals symbol.

10:15That's how we address these.

10:19And it consists of different layers to your symbol, and then you can also add these geometric effects…

10:24…in marker replacement style.

10:26So, in this example, I've got a dark blue outline, which is one layer in my symbol.

10:31I've got the blue polygon fill, which is another layer.

10:34I've got the little kayaker in the middle, who is a marker symbol, and I'm adding all those together.

10:39And then I'm actually applying a smooth geometric effect to the outline of this polygon.

10:47Now what that means is, it's actually, on the fly, doing a little generalization and smoothing that line.

10:53And that's just kind of one of the geometric effects you've got access to.

10:58The other thing it's doing is it's placing the kayaker right in the center of my polygon, and that's another…it's a…

11:04…that's a marker placement style, so I'm telling it where I want to place that marker.

11:10So, let's get into some demonstrations, and Jamie's going to start.

11:16Okay. Do you mind getting a switch?

11:18Oh, I've hit a switch.

11:20Thank you. Can everybody hear me okay?

11:24Can you hear me in the back? Okay.

11:26So here I have a map of Austin, Texas, and I'm going to show you some of the ways that I can improve…

11:31…the symbology using representations.

11:34So to start with, I'm going to show you how to create a feature representation by converting…

11:38…already symbolized layer.

11:41And I'm also going to demonstrate what David just showed on his slide on how you can build a rule…

11:45…using different symbol layers.

11:48So to start with, I'm going to create a representation for my roads.

11:53And here, you can see I have several different classes of roads, and if we go into the renderer…

11:59…we can see it's symbolized using a standard renderer using unique values in many fields.

12:05And I have a few case roads as well as a dash road that has a casing on it, as well.

12:12So I'm going to convert that by right-clicking on the layer and choosing the Convert Symbology to Representation.

12:19And then we get the GUI data that David showed on his slide.

12:22And as he mentioned, I can change the name of my representation or any of the attribute fields…

12:26…that are going to be added to the table, but I'm going to keep the defaults for those.

12:30And I'm also going to keep the default to store the changes to the geometry as the representation override.

12:36And that's how all my representations in this map are set because I don't want any changes that I make to the geometry…

12:41…of the representation to actually change the location of my data.

12:45So I'm going to leave that, but I am going to uncheck the option to add a new layer to the map.

12:50By unchecking this, I'm letting ArcMap know I just wanted to rerender the layer that I already have in my map…

12:56…instead of adding a new layer to my map.

12:59So I'll go ahead and convert that, and you'll see very little changed on my map. It handled the conversion very closely.

13:07But if we, over here in the TOC, we can see that we now have a representation, and if we go back into the Symbology tab…

13:13…I now have a representation renderer listed as my options, and it's pointing to the representation that I just created.

13:22Now all those different classes of roads that I had symbolized have become individual rules…

13:27…and if we click on those rules, you can see they're made up of the different symbol layers.

13:31So in this case, I have a black casing with this pinkish fill.

13:35And if we look at my class 2 roads, I have the casing to show, as well as my third symbol layer, which has my…

13:41…geometric effect that's creating the dashes.

13:44So it converted that and created the geometric effect for me.

13:48And we'll get into more geometric effects later but for now, I simply want to change the color of my…

13:54…class 2 roads to match my class 1 roads.

13:56So that's pretty simple; you guys all know how to change colors on a symbol.

14:00So once you understand that, you can just choose not to see that warning again either in this session or ever again.

14:01But the thing you need to keep in mind is that, while I'm making a simple visual change to this representation…

14:06…the rule that I'm making the change to is a part of the feature class representation, and that…

14:14…representation is a property of the feature class.

14:17So, the change that I'm making is actually being made in the geodatabase itself.

14:22So when I click Apply, I'm going to get a warning that reminds me of this.

14:27And basically, what it's letting me know is that the changes that I'm making of the representation will be…

14:31…maintained in that feature class, which means that any map that I have that references this representation…

14:37…will also see that update that I've made.

14:48And when we click that, we can see that my roads have been updated.

14:52And again, if I had another map that was maybe displaying this with the same representation for at a different type of map…

15:00…or a different type of scale, those, the color on that map would also be changed.

15:05And the other thing I want to show you is an example of how you can create a rule by adding the different symbol layers.

15:13…similar to the example David had of the kayaker.

15:16So here I have a golf course and right now it's just, the rule contains a polygon fill and a line.

15:24But I'd also like to add a marker to it to represent the golf course.

15:28So to do that, I simply choose to add a new marker layer.

15:32And you can see I now have a marker layer added to my symbol layers.

15:35And this is where I can control the appearance of the marker as well as the placement of it.

15:41So if you click on the default symbol, which is this black square, and then go into the properties…

15:45…this takes you into the marker editor.

15:47And David's going to talk about that in a minute.

15:50But this is where you can create an edit on your markers to create any type of symbol that you'd like.

15:56So I'm going to delete the default symbol and I'm going to add a new symbol by creating a glyph from a font.

16:03So this is, I have access to all the fonts on my machine, and I'm just going to choose this golf course here.

16:10Give it a little more appropriate color.

16:13Now this is a little more detail than I would like to see on my map.

16:16I don't need a golf course with a sand trap as well.

16:20So I can edit this by simply exploding it to multipart geometry.

16:24I can select just my sand trap and delete that portion of it.

16:31And if we apply that - oops, let me go a little bit larger.

16:45So now I have my marker, but obviously because my annotation's centered in my polygon, it's in conflict with it.

16:51Since I know most of my annotation is going to be centered in my polygons, I can apply a simple offset to my point.

17:01And then when I [click] OK, you'll see that I'll no longer be in conflict.

17:05So, it's a simple way for me to just offset my markers just slightly, and that way I should limit or hopefully resolve…

17:13…all my conflicts with my annotation.

17:15So that's just a quick example of how you can create the representation and also some of the ways…

17:19…you can build the rules just using symbol layers.

17:24Thanks, Jamie. Alright.

17:28So we're going to move on, we're going to start talking about geometric effects and marker…

17:35I've got to get good at this KVM switch thing. I don't usually use one of those.

17:39Alright, so, we're going to talk about geometric effects and marker placement styles.

17:46Again, geometric effects dynamically modify the symbology at draw time.

17:53And you can set a geometric effect for all the layers in your symbol or just one of the layers…

17:59…in your symbol, or some or not all of them.

18:01But you can apply a geometric effect globally to every layer in a symbol if you want.

18:07And they're applied sequentially, so you notice there was an order to the layering of the symbols?

18:14You can also put an order to the geometric effects.

18:17And you can actually get different results if that order changes because, you know, as a - with a behavior…

18:23…you might modify one property and then go modify another one that affected the first one.

18:28We'll give you some examples of that.

18:31But some of the things you can do with that is, you can do things like control the dashing patterns…

18:35…and you can control the ends of the dashing.

18:38So in this case, we're actually controlling where the dash pattern starts and stops so that we can ensure…

18:46…that every place there's a connection, we have a dash.

18:50We're also controlling where the corners are, and these are just two different geometric effects on a line that you can apply.

18:57For the polygons in this example, we're applying an offset to our buildings and creating a drop shadow for all…

19:06…of our buildings, and all that does is, that's a global effect on all our buildings.

19:08It just offsets and creates a drop shadow.

19:13And on the, in the last polygon example, we're actually rotating the orchard symbol, so these little tree symbols inside…

19:22…our polygon, we're rotating them to the angle of the polygon itself.

19:28And so you can control the way those points are placed within the polygon.

19:36Now, marker placement styles are very similar, but they only apply to where you're placing markers…

19:42…and you can create some very complex line and polygon fills using markers for them.

19:49So in this case, the first one, we're placing markers along the line to create a little railroad tic…

19:54…and you can tell it how frequently you want to place that little tic, which is a marker, along the railroad line.

20:00In the second example, we're placing the little tree symbols randomly inside of our polygon.

20:06And we're also giving it an option to be able to place those markers slightly outside of the polygon…

20:11…so that they kind of overlap; it looks a little more natural.

20:15And again, we're using a point marker symbol placement option to offset these point buildings…

20:21…to make another drop shadow effect.

20:24So, as Jamie showed you in the demo, there's a whole tool for editing your markers and creating symbols.

20:33So have any of you guys created custom symbols without representations before, where you're…you go in…

20:38…and create a true type font and modified it using, like, FontLab?

20:43Okay, so you don't need to use that with representations.

20:46It's one of the really nice things is you have a whole editing tool for building marker symbols.

20:52And, the tool has all the standard drawing, kind of editing, tools that you would get in any sort of graphics package…

21:00…so you know, you can manipulate all the vertices of the lines, the colors, you can apply gradient shadows…

21:06…and do all sorts of things with them.

21:09And, this is in the Marker Editing tool that Jamie just showed.

21:16So, back to Jamie for the next demonstration and I will…

21:21Thank you.

21:24As David just explained, you can use geometric effect in marker placement styles to create…

21:28…fairly complex symbols and just to improve and control the symbology in your map.

21:33So I'm going to show a couple examples, some of which David just showed on the slides.

21:38So here I have a hiking trail that's symbolized with a dash line.

21:43But because of the way the dashes are falling along the line, it's a little unclear which way the trail continues.

21:48So down here I have this intersection that's unclear, and then also up here at this sharp corner.

21:54So to fix that, the first thing I'm going to do is change the way that the dashes are constrained…

22:02…at the beginnings and endings of lines.

22:05So I'm just going to go into my trail rule, and on the dash geometric effect here, I'm going to change the endings…

22:11…to end with a half pattern.

22:13And if you watch this intersection down here when I click Apply, you can see that makes it much clearer…

22:19…to which way the path continues.

22:21Unfortunately that didn't clear up my sharp corner up here at the top, so to fix that, I'm going to add…

22:26…a second geometric effect on top of the dashed geometric effect just by clicking on my plus sign here.

22:32You see, I have several options of different geometric effects that I can apply, but I'm going to choose the…

22:37…Add Control Points, and what this does is it tells the line to flag any vertex with an angle of…

22:45…120 degrees or sharper as a representation control point.

22:49And these representation control points can act as constraints that will force the dash to be centered on that line.

22:56So you can see when I apply this that now my dash is centered on the vertex and it's very clear…

23:02…that this trail is turning the corner.

23:06Now another common effect to add is drop shadows to buildings.

23:09And this is a very easy effect to add with representations, so I'm going to go into the properties for my buildings…

23:16…and I see here that I already have a representation on this feature class.

23:20So to start with, I'm going to choose that, and then I'm going to add a second polygon layer and add it to…

23:26…the bottom of my list because I want it to be the shadow that I add to the bottom of my symbol…

23:32…and then I'm going to add the Move Geometric effect.

23:36And so, and then, not quite so dark a color there.

23:41And I want this to be a subtle effect, so I'm going to go ahead and bump these down a little bit from the default…

23:49…and when I apply those, you can now see, I have the shadow on all my polygon buildings, which creates the kind of 3D effect for my buildings.

24:00And the final example I want to show you is how you can create a more complex symbol…

24:07So here hopefully, okay, good, it looks bright up there.

24:10My forested areas are symbolized with just a simple fill, but I want to create a more representative symbol…

24:18…by adding some trees to this.

24:20So I'm going to see my forest rule and add a marker to it.

24:25And just like I did with the golf courses, I'm going to go into the properties here and change this.

24:34And this time, I'm going to choose a pine tree.

24:40Keep it a nice green tree 'cause we don't want it to be dead.

24:45And I'll change this.

24:46And the default for the marker placement options is to center one marker in the center of your polygon.

24:53Obviously, that wouldn't be a very representative forest, so I'm going to change that to be randomly inside the polygon.

25:01Go ahead and apply that, and you can see…

25:04…I start having to randomly displaced trees, but these are spaced a little too far apart for what I'd like to see.

25:10So I can easily check, change that by changing the, my steps and clicking Apply.

25:17I can do it, simply see my edits that quickly, I can do all of my symbology work in one screen, or one window…

25:24…and see the results by clicking Apply.

25:26I don't have to close multiple windows to get back to my results on the map.

25:31So, this is a nice symbol, but I'd like a little bit more detail to it, so I'm going to go ahead and add another tree.

25:43I'll choose that same tree again.

25:45We'll make this one a little bit lighter.

25:48And so that I have some variety in my trees, I'm just going to quickly resize that, create a skinny tree.

25:56And again, place them randomly inside the polygon.

26:04And when I apply that, you can see they're randomly inside the polygon, but because of the way my trees…

26:08…are being distributed, they're drawing in conflict with each other.

26:12This I can fix by changing the seed of one of the trees, and what the seed value is, is it's the starting…

26:17…value for the random generation.

26:19So, by changing that, I'm having that second tree start its pattern in a different location.

26:26So, I'm almost to the symbol that I want and the last thing I'm going to do is change the way that the…

26:30…markers are drawing on the boundary of the polygons.

26:33So the default's to clip the marker at the boundaries and obviously that creates some strange-looking trees on the edge.

26:40So I'm going to go ahead and change those to be whole marker boundaries, and with that I've created a fairly…

26:47…complex symbol in a few steps, just using the marker placement options that are available.

26:56[audience question] What was the last way to have your markers over the edge of the polygon?

27:02The last option in the list is to have them…

27:08…it's to have them not touch the boundaries. So that will place them…

27:16…mic back on so everybody can hear me.

27:18This last option is to not touch the boundaries, and basically that won't, will keep the trees completely…

27:25…within the polygon instead of allowing the marker to cross the edge of the polygon.

27:28[audience question]What was the one that allows you to, to overlap the boundary?

27:31That's the whole markers can cross boundary.

27:34Oh, okay.

27:41Alright, thanks. Alright.

27:44So, we're going to now start talking about overrides.

27:47So, everything we've done so far, we've been applying symbols to a layer and we've been doing that…

27:53…as part of the layer properties.

27:55So anything you can do now that we just did for the whole set of symbols, you can now do on individual features.

28:04So, we call those overrides.

28:07So overrides are exceptions to the rule.

28:10So we can go in and we can customize individual layers. In them are [unintelligible] individual features in our map.

28:17And we've got a number of different ways to do that, and because we're making those changes as we're…

28:23…in features that are stored in the database and the overrides are stored in the database, you have to be…

28:28…editing to be able to do that.

28:30So, you need to start editing and, and make those changes that way.

28:35There's two kinds of overrides - there are property overrides and geometry overrides.

28:39So, property overrides are those overrides that affect any part of the rule that we've been setting up…

28:45…so, changing the color, changing the geometric effect that you're using, changing the marker placement.

28:52Those kinds of things are property overrides.

28:54Then we can also apply geometry overrides, so that's actually editing the shape of the features…

29:00…and over, you know, storing those in that override field.

29:03So, that's how you can, you know, pick up points and move them but keep the true location of the points in your database.

29:11So, for example, the property override in this case, we've taken the Paris airport and we've made it…

29:18…red and bigger, bolder, for some reason.

29:21We want to highlight Paris.

29:23I just came from there last week, so…so that's exciting.

29:29And a geometry override, just as an example, is you can go in and reshape the line, so in the top example…

29:35…we're reshaping the line so you've got the true location of the line with the dots on it, and then we've…

29:41…reshaped it to make it a little smoother line, and it's storing that in the override field.

29:46So, you can store it in both geometries.

29:49And again in the bottom we're actually picking up the bike shop.

29:52So, in the Before example on the left, we've got two bike shops that overlap and we want to move those apart…

30:00…but we don't want to actually move the data, so we're just moving the representations.

30:07So, creating overrides. There's actually a number of different ways you can create overrides.

30:12Interactively, with the representation toolbar, and we'll go into that.

30:16That's what most people will, will end up using.

30:20You can actually go in and change a rule property explicitly, so you can go into the properties of the rule and change it.

30:27You can also have overrides fed to your rules from a field in your database, and this is actually really powerful…

30:38…because you can do things like store an angle field and use that to apply an override…

30:43…and you don't have to go in and rotate each symbol, for example.

30:48And then there's a whole series of geoprocessing tools called, in the Cartographic Refinement GP…

30:54…toolset that apply different, different overrides to your map, and they'll do those in batch, and…

31:02…that's actually pretty cool.

31:04Yeah, just a quick question up front.

31:06[audience question] I was just curious, up to now, so far…

31:07…what would be the difference between just converting the…

31:11…the marker to, to a graphic and moving in your map and storing it in the geodatabase, as opposed to…

31:15…to this, because if you do that, it seems like it would, that also stays with it. It doesn't change the…

31:28…the underlying geometry with the of the point.

31:30So, so what would be the difference between just converting your feature to a graphic, and then…

31:36…so that the question and, the question I have is, and then storing that in the database.

31:42I don't know the way to store that graphic in the database.

31:45I can store it in the map, but I don't have a way to store it in the database itself.

31:51[audience question] I thought they had that…I know you can store your annotations in an independent geodatabase.

31:55Sure.

31:56[audience question] You can't store the graphic changes, you've left it in the database?

32:00Yeah, so you can store annotation as if it were kind of like graphics in the database, but if you convert…

32:07…something to a graphic, it's stored in the map; it's not stored in the database.

32:11So, that's the difference. Good question, though.

32:16So, let's get into the Representation toolbar.

32:18So, this is how we actually, if you go in and select a bunch of features and you want to apply an override…

32:23…you're going to use this toolbar to go in and make those modifications.

32:28And, in conjunction with this toolbar, you're also going to get a Properties menu that's going to pop up.

32:35And this Properties menu has a Tools and a Drawing tab on it.

32:41And, what happens is, if you're doing a graphic editing, if you're editing one of the geometry overrides…

32:46…you get access to the tool properties.

32:49So, this is my Resize tool that I just highlighted here in orange.

32:54So the Resize tool will give me access to this Tool Properties menu and I can then pick and choose the different…

33:02…properties I want to resize.

33:05And, you're going to do a demo of this, right?

33:08It comes across better in a demo, but basically what you could do is pick, say, one of the properties.

33:15Let's just say you want to change your x offset.

33:19You can use this tool to drag and have it just change that one offset, if you just check on that one.

33:26Or if you wanted to change the size of the whole feature but not your x,y offset, you can just check size and not x and y offset.

33:34So you've got a whole bunch of different ways of applying these geometry overrides.

33:41Now you also have access to the property overrides.

33:45If you click on the button on the far end that's got the little paintbrush over the property page.

33:48And this gives you access to all those properties that you set up in the layer, so everything Jamie did…

33:54…to set up a symbol, you can then go in and modify for individual or selected features.

34:00So that lets you apply these property overrides to any selected set of features.

34:09Now the next thing I mentioned was field mapping overrides.

34:12So, this allows you to add a field, or if you add a field to your database…

34:17…you can store any values in that field and actually have your overrides read from that field.

34:23Now, this is actually, it can be very powerful and it's actually a really recommended way to store overrides…

34:32…if you're applying overrides to every feature in your database.

34:36So, for example, and this example with the little blue squares following the river.

34:43I guess those are buildings. I don't know.

34:46The buildings along the river - we're going to call them buildings - are rotated to follow that river.

34:52So, each one has a different angle.

34:54Now, I could go in and apply those and store those in the override field.

34:58In that case, it's going to write a separate - it stores these as BLOBs - it's going to store a different BLOB for every single building.

35:05It's a lot cleaner to actually store the individual values for the angle, and then you can go in and modify…

35:13…those just in the field, if you want.

35:16So, there are a lot of properties where it makes sense to actually store them as an override in the field…

35:22…and what you'll get is this little database can that shows up on the menu.

35:28And you click on that and it will allow you to point a field and you just map all of your, your fields to your overrides.

35:36[unintelligible audience question]

35:41Very good question. So how would I get the angle populated?

35:44There is a geoprocessing tool that - I don't think we're going to show that tool but - we're going to show for polygons.

35:53We've got one for lines, one's for polygons, but it's calculate the angle of, and it'll actually do that for you…

36:00…which is kind of nice. Yeah, question?

36:02[unintelligible audience question]

36:05Is there a reason why that the database can's only next to the angle?

36:09Yes, so that's the only field, or only property, that's being read from a field.

36:14So you could have next to size, you could have one next to your offsets.

36:19In this example we're just using angle, but you could feed all of your overrides in specific fields if you wanted.

36:30So, oh, here it is. Okay.

36:33So, well, actually this doesn't have it.

36:36So, there again, there's a geoprocessing toolset called the Cartographic Refinement GP toolset.

36:43And in it we have a whole series of tools for calculating things like the polygon main angle…

36:49…or aligning a marker to your stroke or fill.

36:52Well, that's the one that does it to lines, yeah.

36:55So, you can align those and it'll calculate angles for you.

36:59We also have a series of tools for creating overpasses and underpasses for those kind of geometric effects.

37:06And, there's a whole bunch of tools in here, but this is just some of the more common ones.

37:13So, Jaime's going to do another demonstration for you.

37:18Thank you.

37:20Okay, as David just explained, you can have overrides for both properties and geometries, so I'm going to show you…

37:27…a couple of examples of both of those and how you can apply them.

37:30So, here I have my orchards and as you can see, the way my markers are placed, they are aligned in a way…

37:37…to mimic rows you would expect to see in a grove.

37:40They can improve the way this looks by also having it follow the angle of the polygon.

37:45So I'm going to set an attribute field, map to an attribute field, to grab that angle…

37:51…and then have that dictate the way that my rows are aligned for each individual polygon.

37:58So, to do that, I'm going to add an attribute field to my woody area, layer here, my feature class.

38:12I'll just give it a name here. I'm going to make this a double.

38:17And also to point out here, you can see this is, as David mentioned, it's an attribute that gets added to your table.

38:24And this is one of the fields that gets added, so we can see that all the rule IDs points to whichever rule…

38:31…is dictated for that feature.

38:33And if I wanted to go in and have this orchard actually be a forested area, I can simply just change this rule value here.

38:42So to calculate this angle for the tool, I'm going to use one of the tools that David just mentioned.

38:48And these are all, live in the Cartographic Refinement toolset, and there's several of them listed here.

38:53And that one I'm going to use is the Calculate Polygon Main Angle.

38:57And what this tool does is it finds the dominant trending angle of a polygon, and populates…

39:04…that in whichever field that I specify.

39:09So I'm going to choose my wooded area layer, and then the angle that I just, the field I just added.

39:18And it will process really quickly.

39:20And you can see here that all my angles have been added to my table.

39:25So now that I have that, I can use that to drive the symbology of my markers.

39:30So I want to get into the rule of the orchard and choose my marker.

39:36And then I'm going to click on the database down here at the bottom, which is going to take me to…

39:39…the Display Fields Override view.

39:43And this view here is where you can see all the properties that you can set to an attribute in the feature class itself.

39:51So, as the question was asked before, why was it showing up on only the angle?

39:56And it was because only the angle was set here.

39:58But the one that I'm going to choose is actually the grid angle, 'cause I want to control the way…

40:03…the grid itself is placed within the polygon.

40:07So I'm going to change that to my symbol angle field.

40:11And you can see that I have the database can now, and I also have that, my default view.

40:17And this is letting me know that it is grabbing the values for that from the feature class.

40:23It's coming from the database and that's what's driving that.

40:28So I apply that. You can see now that my rows are following the general trend of the polygons themselves.

40:35And it's on override because each polygon is using an angle that's assigned to it in the attribute field.

40:43So along with setting it to, map to a specific field, I can create individual overrides for a specific feature.

40:51So in this case, I'm not a big fan of this single tree up here at the top.

40:56So I'm going to change the way these roads are placed in just this orchard.

41:01To do that, I do need to start editing.

41:07I'm going to go ahead and minimize my Create Feature window.

41:12And then I'm going to open my representation toolbar.

41:16So this is the toolbar that David was just showing that has the tools that you can use for editing…

41:20…as well as the Representation Property window.

41:26And select my orchard here.

41:29And what this window shows you is the properties for the specific feature that you have selected.

41:35So again, we can see that I have my grid angle coming from the database and we can see exactly what that angle is…

41:42…and I can also change any of these properties here if I want to create an override.

41:47So I'm going to change my x offset to improve my rows so that I don't have the random trees at the ends.

41:55And you can see, a paintbrush gets added.

41:58And basically what this paintbrush is telling you is that the default value for that property is being overwritten.

42:04Now, if you decide that's not what you want, you can easily remove that by just clicking on the paintbrush.

42:09So it's very easy to apply and remove.

42:12Now, of course, I know a value to put in there because I've been playing around with this demo.

42:16But if you don't know what you want to put in there, then you can interactively adjust your symbology…

42:23…and that's where this Tool tab comes in.

42:26And as David mentioned, this is for any of the representation editing tools.

42:30And what those tools are, are resize, move, rotate, offset, and orient.

42:38So the one that I'm going to choose is the Move tool, and then as soon as I choose it, it gives me the options…

42:44…of what properties I can change.

42:47I'm going to uncheck the y offset so that I'm only changing the x offset.

42:51And then I can just interactively move my symbols around till I get them placed the way that I want.

42:58And then if we go back to the Drawing tab, you can see again that I'm seeing the override, and the value's been put in there.

43:07So everything I was just showing with the orchards are examples of property overrides…

43:12…but you can also do geometry overrides, and then this will hopefully explain some of what we were…

43:18…talking about earlier, about where you store the shape overrides in a representation.

43:25So, as I mentioned earlier, in my map, all of my representations are storing the geometry any geometry changes to the…

43:30…Shape Override field.

43:34So what this means is that any change that I make to the shape of my representations won't affect…

43:38…the actual geometry, the true geometry of the feature.

43:45So here I have a conflict between my railroads and my roads.

43:49So to fix that, I want to move the railroad away from the roads without changing the actual location of the railroad…

43:55…because I might need that later for analysis or for some other reason, I don't need to change the location.

44:02So I'm going to use my Direct Select Lasso tool and select the vertices that I want to move.

44:08You can see the ones that are going to be affected are highlighted in blue.

44:13And then using the Warp tool for my representation toolbar, I'm just going to move those vertices…

44:17…away from my road till I create the look that I want.

44:23Okay. So now you can see, I've fixed my conflict, my symbol's now moved away from the road, but if I copy…

44:30…any of these railroads and symbolize them with the simple renderer…

44:41…oops, make it red so you can see it. You can see that the actual geometry of my feature remains intact and accessible.

44:49So, if I need it for analysis, it's there, easily accessible, and the changes I've made are only understood by…

44:55…the representation that I edited.

44:57So if I have additional representations, they're not going to know what geometry changes I made…

45:02…and it's only understood and displayed by that representation.

45:06Hopefully that makes that a little bit clearer for you.

45:10And that's just one example of a geometry effect that you can, or geometry override that you can add.

45:22Alright. Thanks, Jaime.

45:26Okay, we have some odds and ends. Yeah, okay, yes, before we go on.

45:29[inaudible audience question]

45:40Yes, yes, so, yeah. So an override is just, you're changing some properties of, of one of the rules, or, yeah, any of the properties.

45:50[inaudible audience question]

45:51No, it's not an either/or. You can pick and choose what sort of properties you want to change…

45:57…yeah, that's good, that means you're getting it.

45:59Okay. So I hope everyone else is too. Mark?

46:02Would it be possible to use this to make a stream feature of varying width so it looks more irregular and natural?

46:10Would it be possible to use this to make a stream feature of varying width?

46:14Yes, yes. We actually have a taper geometry effect that does just that for that exact use case.

46:20[inaudible audience question]

46:30Sure, yeah, so symbol width can be fed with any of those properties and you can feed it with width.

46:37So, for example, if you have a stream order, you could use that to make, you know, your streams that are downstream…

46:47…where everything's converting thicker than the streams that are upstream.

46:51That make…? Yeah, okay.

46:54Yes, real quick.

46:56[audience question]Do you use that to essentially erase the line in between two polygons?

47:00Could you use that to erase a line in between two polygons?

47:02Absolutely. Yes, there is a little Erase tool that you can actually go in and erase parts of features…

47:09…parts of polygons, just about anything.

47:13Yeah, good question.

47:15[inaudible audience question]

47:52Every power line, or every power pole along the line?

47:55Yeah, so could you use it to offset, for example, every power pole along a line or separate them further.

48:02Yeah, absolutely; that's just an adjustment to the marker replacement on that line, and…

48:07…it's a good example of something you could do. Yes?

48:09[inaudible audience question]

48:22If you have an exception to the rule you want to apply to just one feature, you just select the feature.

48:27So, the same way that Jaime did with that one orchard…

48:31[audience question]So she selected it first?

48:32You select it first and then apply it…

48:34…and then that override only pertains to that one selected feature, yeah.

48:39Mark?

48:41[unintelligible]

48:53So could you use this to apply contour turnbacks, is the question.

48:58We don't have a nice geometric effect that would do that.

49:03We've been asked for it before, but there are kind of other ways to make that happen, usually…

49:12…involving the DEM at the beginning before you generate the contours, but…anyway.

49:18It's not something we really have a geometric effect for, so. Good question, though.

49:25[inaudible audience question]

49:39So, when we made the change to the one line, or if you make a change for one feature, what does it do to the attribute table?

49:46What we have is we have two fields in the attribute table.

49:49We have a rule field and an override field.

49:51All the changes you make to that one feature get written to that one feature's record's override field.

49:58So, all of those are combined together in a BLOB.

50:02[inaudible audience question]

50:05Yes, and when you create representations, it automatically adds the Override field, so that's there.

50:11So, why don't we hold on the questions, I've got like three more slides is all, and let's just get through them…

50:18…so if other people want to take off or whatever, they can. Actually, we're good on time.

50:23So, yeah, if you don't mind.

50:25So, the next thing I wanted to just mention and talk about is something called free representations.

50:33So, let's say that all those rule properties and all those geometric effects weren't quite enough for…

50:40…exactly what you were trying to produce.

50:42You want to go in and modify every little aspect of your symbol.

50:46You can actually do that with representations.

50:49Now we really don't recommend doing this a lot, because it literally writes every bit of that representation…

50:56…to that BLOB field in the overwrite, and you can start bloating your database and making it big and slow…

51:05…and so if you apply to free rep to every feature, it's going to make a much more hard…

51:10…it's going to make a database that's a lot harder to deal with.

51:12So, use these sparingly, but if you have an, for example, the situation at the bottom, where I've got…

51:20…my representation rule, I've got my trees in it, and they're overlaying this river that's running through them.

51:25…reassign the rule to that feature to get rid of it.

51:27I want to actually pick up individual trees and move them around to make a little corridor for the river.

51:33I can do that. There is a way to do that.

51:36Now, what you do is you right-click on the representation and you say, Convert to free representation…

51:41…and then it brings it up in an editor window that you can actually modify every little vertice…

51:45…every little aspect of the symbol.

51:48It's actually really powerful, really cool, but again, I wouldn't recommend doing it a lot.

51:56It copies the entire rule into the override field.

52:00You can do things like change the whole structure of the rule; you can make it a different rule.

52:04Even though it started as a polygon, you know, points and stuff, you can make it a line or something else.

52:12You can completely change it.

52:16Now to undo that, what you have to do is just reassign the rule.

52:29Anyway, free representations are pretty cool.

52:32The next thing I just wanted to mention is, there's another tool in production mapping.

52:39So, have you guys heard of production mapping? It's a, it used to be PLTS. Anyway.

52:45They have a specific tool to help you manage your representations, and it's worth mentioning in this workshop.

52:52What it does is, it will allow you to set up all your representations in advance and create a…

52:57…specification for your map series, for example.

53:01And what you do is you go through and you set up a table that's got rules and, so rules being symbols…

53:09…and then all the attribute values that used to drive that rule.

53:12And you can then apply that to your database and it will apply all of your representation rules at once…

53:18…in batch to all your layers.

53:20So where we went through that one layer and converted the representation, you might have to do that 30 times…

53:26…if you're converting all your layers.

53:28Well, this tool will do all that for you.

53:31And, if you're making more than one map, you're making a, you know, hundred maps, all with the same symbols…

53:37…you can use this tool to apply that across all of them.

53:40So, just something to be aware; again, it comes as a, it comes as part of a separate extension, but it is something…

53:47…that you might want to use at some point in the future.

53:53So, just one slide on what we're doing at 10.1 with representations.

53:59So, one of the things we've done is we added Search at 10.0, at 10, for all of your regular symbology.

54:09Well, at 10.1 we've made the representation rules searchable as well, so you can search for representation rules.

54:16We've also added a check box on all the marker placement options for rotation, so at 10.0, they only rotate counterclockwise.

54:27No, clockwise. Yeah. Counterclockwise. Okay, yeah. Sorry, I have to look at the slide.

54:34They only rotate counterclockwise, so you have an option to actually have them rotate clockwise.

54:40We have a lot of people who have their own angle information and they calculated the angle using…

54:45…a clockwise direction instead of counterclockwise, so this allows them to use that marker placement option…

54:51…with the counterclockwise option.

54:54And then we have some new geometric effects that are coming out.

54:56One is called Extension, and what that allows you to do is extend the ends of lines and give them a direction.

55:03So, it allows you to create like the little wing tics off the ends of these bridges, for example…

55:08…so it gives you an extension off the end of your lines.

55:12We also have an offset tangent option, which offsets your lines in separate directions, either direction you want.

55:19And so this is another kind of good example of where you can use that.

55:23So you can offset one bridge symbol one direction, and one bridge the other direction…

55:27…where the roads come in together at this kind of - it's not really acute, is it? Well, it's kind of an acute angle.

55:38And the last, oops, let's see, sorry, the last one is a suppress option.

55:45So, between control points, you can then turn off your symbol.

55:50So, for in this example I've got a swimming area and I'm symbolizing that with a dotted line…

55:55…and I want to suppress the shoreline underneath that.

55:59So, I've just got two control points on my shoreline and it just turns off the symbol right at that point.