00:01Let me introduce myself. My name is Agatha Wong.

00:04I work in the geocoding development and products group...

00:09...that we've been developing geocoding, start from Arc... ArcView and then ArcGIS and now we go to ArcGIS 10.

00:19And I'll let Miriam introduce herself.

00:22This presentation is covering the basics, geocoding parcels...

00:28...and then we have another workshop right after this one.

00:30We'll go dive in to the geocoding engines.

00:33So this one is basically showing you how to use ArcGIS 10 to process your address and to find locations.

00:46And then at the end, I will answer some questions...

00:49...and if you have more questions, yes, we... we will have plenty of time for you...

00:53...to answer your question or to help you out with your geocoding issues.

00:59You see the assistants is passing out the evaluation forms, and we will appreciate you to fill out the form at the end...

01:06...and you can drop it off at the box next to the escalator and outside maybe in the reception areas.

01:14So I could pass the time to Miriam.

01:18All right, thank you, Agatha.

01:20Can you hear me also in the back very well? Okay.

01:26All right. My name is Miriam Schmidts.

01:28I'm an instructor at Esri Educational Services which means we teach classes there.

01:34We teach... We offer classes to our customers to client sides, and I teach most of the desktop classes that we have...

01:43...the foundation series, Desktop 1, 2, 3; Data Production and Editing Techniques; Performing Analysis...

01:50...and recently also got started with ArcGIS Server, so that's another whole different, exciting field...

01:58...also when it comes to geocoding.

02:00But what we want to do today here is talk about geocoding with ArcGIS Desktop.

02:05That's the foundation for all our address processing...

02:10...and give everybody a very solid foundation of the basics of geocoding.

02:15So this is the geocoding introduction workshop.

02:19Following, after this, Agatha will get, will give the advanced geocoding workshop right in this same room. Okay?

02:29So let's get started.

02:31Here's our agenda for today.

02:34First of all, I want to give everybody the basics.

02:37I want to cover what is geocoding and what are the components that we need for geocoding.

02:43And then we also go into the geocoding workflow...

02:47...what tools we use in which situations...

02:50...and what are the parameters that we use in these tools that we fill in so everything runs smoothly.

02:58In the end, I will cover, for a few minutes, I will cover automating techniques for geocoding...

03:05...because we have a couple of tools in our soft that... software that can help you save a lot of time...

03:12...and maybe run your geocoding overnight.

03:15So that's something that might be interesting for some of you...

03:18...especially when it comes to geocoding thousands or even millions of addresses.

03:24You don't want to wait for that anymore.

03:27All right. So let's get started right away.

03:31Let's get started with a map.

03:33That's what it's all about, right?

03:35We have this fictitious town here, ArcTown USA, USA with Lake Esri.

03:42And you see here in ArcTown we have streets and the lines on our map.

03:49They are labeled with a name, with the street names and then you also see they are labeled on each side of the street...

03:57...with the house number range, with a starting and the end house number.

04:03These are separate attribute fields in the attribute table, right?

04:07We all know that the labels must come from the attribute table.

04:10These are fields that we use for labeling in the attribute table.

04:15Now the goal is to take some addresses and put them as points on the map.

04:21And if you look at this first address here, 150 Main Street West.

04:27If you look at the map, you're probably now trying to find Main Street West.

04:35And now you probably look at the house number ranges.

04:40You're trying to find 150, right?

04:42So if you place the point about here, where the green dot is, then you've done nothing else than geocoding...

04:50...geocoding in your mind.

04:52And that's exactly what the computer does when we start our geocoding process.

04:58It finds the right street segment.

05:00In fact, all these streets, they are broken up into separate features for each block...

05:07...so we have separate features in our data layer to find the right street feature, to find the right house number range...

05:16...and then along the house number range, the software interpolates where along the line about the plot point would be...

05:25...in this case, about halfway along the line.

05:29That's geocoding, placing addresses on the street, on a street map or on a map in general...

05:38...by comparing them against some kind of reference data.

05:42In our case here, our street centerlines are our reference data.

05:47Now most of the time, that turns out very well, but sometimes, well, the computer has difficulties.

05:54So for example, if you look at the second address here, 205 Main Street...

06:01...we just learned that there's a Main Street West and a Main Street East, right?

06:05So which of the two Main Streets is this address on?

06:06...we had the house number ranges on both sides of the street centerlines...

06:10We don't know, and the computer doesn't know, either.

06:12So what it does, it gives us candidates.

06:15It gives us a candidate here, it gives us a candidate for West Main Street and one for East Main Street...

06:22...and it's up to us to make the decision, well, which of the two candidates is the right one?

06:29It's a tied situa-... situation here.

06:33And then, well, hopefully, that doesn't happen too often.

06:36Sometimes, the geocoder, the geocoding doesn't work because, well, the information is just not there in the reference data.

06:47If you look here at 105 Grand Avenue, you might be finding Grand Avenue here right on the right edge of the map...

06:57...well, there are no house number ranges in the reference data.

07:02Cities, they grow very rapidly these days, right?

07:04So it might be that whole subdivision have, subdivisions have not been entered yet into your reference data...

07:11... and then, of course, the software cannot compare correctly against the reference data...

07:18...and we end up with some unmatched addresses.

07:22In fact, we do have techniques to handle these kinds of situations.

07:25We can go back and manually match these unmatched addresses. And there are also automated... automated ways to do that.

07:34We will cover that at, later on in this presentation, as well.

07:39All right. So here we have the out-of-the-box definition of geocoding, straight from our ArcGIS Desktop Help.

07:49What is geocoding?

07:50It's an... it's a GIS operation to transform a description of a location...

07:58...such as a pair of coordinates, an address, a name of a place.

08:06You see, it's not always addresses.

08:08It can be an x,y location or it can be a, just a place-name description.

08:14We take that location description and place it as a location on the map as a point.

08:23So geocoding, while most of the time we will geocode addresses, but we will see, we have also techniques...

08:29...how we can take place-names and geocode them, x,y locations, ZIP Codes...

08:35...all this, any description of a location we can geocode.

08:40There are three common ways to do geocoding.

08:43What people most of the time think of when it comes to geocoding, it's interactive geocoding.

08:49We just type in an address, we get a point in return, and this is all we want.

08:54The interactive way, everybody, I think, has done that before.

08:59But that doesn't work so well if we have hundreds or thousands of addresses.

09:04In this case, we might want to feed an entire table of addresses...

09:08... into some sort of geocoding engine and get a layer or a feature class back of points back in return.

09:18That's what we call batch geocoding, and I'm going to show you that one in the first software demonstration right away. Okay?

09:26And the third one, that's a very interesting technique.

09:29That's called reverse geocoding where we click on the map, we click on the map and get an address in return...

09:39...the closest street address to the location where we just clicked.

09:44There's a tool for it on our geocoding toolbar that I'm going to show you, and I'll show you how that works, as well.

09:50It's very interesting when it comes to, when it comes to fixing unmatched addresses.

09:59You had a question?

10:00[Audience question] If I have a series of points, can I get, is there a batch reverse geocoding?

10:04Is there a batch reverse geocode?

10:17Sorry about that!

10:21Okay. Yes, ArcGIS 10 introduce a new geocoding tool called Reverse Geocode.

10:27It's the geoprocessing tool, so and we will show you a little bit later in the second workshop.

10:33That's for the advanced one.

10:35Thank you, Agatha.

10:40How about that?

10:41Let me, let's hold your questions in a little later so that we don't get to switch the mike and hurt your ears.

10:47Yeah, let's keep the questions to the end, all right?

10:51Well, without further ado, let me show you how all this works.

10:55Let's go back here into ArcMap and see how all this, all these techniques work.

11:05You see I have a map document set up here for San Diego.

11:09Here we are in beautiful San Diego.

11:13And you see I've added a couple of basemaps from ArcGIS Online.

11:18I just want to have some good ref-, some good background data to show here.

11:25And I also have a streets layer, a street centerline layer, but I'm not going to use it for now.

11:30I'm going to use that only in the second demonstration later on.

11:34What I want to show you for now is how we can quick and easy, first of all, interactively do some geocoding...

11:42... and also, also how we can do some batch geocoding.

11:47So here we are on our Geocoding toolbar, and you see here on the Geocoding toolbar...

11:53...I have a field, I have a field where I can just type in my address.

11:59And I don't know how many of you know the street address here of the convention center.

12:04It's known as the convention center but the street address is triple-1 West Harbor Drive...

12:13...and we're in San Diego, we're in California.

12:16You see, I'm not separating the address elements by any commas or any other separators, and it's also not case sensitive.

12:25When I press Enter on my keyboard here, you see, it flashes the location in the map.

12:33It gives me a nice visual feedback in form of a ToolTip here.

12:37And if I right-click on it, you see a context menu comes up where I get different options.

12:45For example, I can take a closer look, I can zoom to the location, I can right-click again here...

12:53...and maybe add a labeled callout, so different ways how we can mark the location that we interactively geocoded here.

13:03And this technique is really meant for quick and straightforward, quick and easy geocoding of one single address.

13:12But what if we have a whole table of addresses?

13:16So if I switch over here to my List by Source view, this is new in ArcGIS 10...

13:21...we have the different buttons here on the top of the table of contents.

13:25If I list by source, you see, I have a table of San Diego restaurants.

13:32I don't know how many of you can think of lunch already, but...

13:36...we are all, most of us, we are geographers, we're well prepared.

13:38We want to see things on the map, right?

13:42So we have this table of addresses, different options for lunch, and we have a separate field.

13:50Here you see for the address information, the city, the state, and the ZIP.

13:55So I'm going to take this table and geocode it.

14:00The easiest way to do that is, is just right-clicking on the table, in the table of contents and say geocode addresses.

14:11You see it asks me to choose an address locator.

14:15We will talk about address locators later on.

14:18For now, I am just going to use one of the automatically referenced ones here.

14:23You see the software automatically references a North America geocode service from ArcGIS Online...

14:30...and I'm going to use that one.

14:33Click OK. It will come up with a dialog here, and you see, there's some field matching going on now.

14:42The geocoding service now looks at the address table and tries to find some crucial information in this table.

14:51It wants to find the street information, which is, you see, in the address field.

14:55It automatically picks that up because I used some... some standard field names here...

15:02...and it also automatically finds the city, the state, and the ZIP fields.

15:07Sometimes you have to go in and rematch that manually, but most of the time it really picks it up.

15:14Further down here in the dialog, you see the output shapefile or feature class.

15:19It defaults to the default geodatabase that I've set for this map document.

15:25This is a new concept in ArcGIS 10 that can, that you can set a default geodatabase for every map document that you create.

15:33This is the database that you work most of the time with, where most of your data are, and this is where all of the outputs default to.

15:42So you see right now, I have a San Diego geodatabase at, set as a default, and I'm just going to call my output Restaurants. Okay?

15:53We're not going into the options here.

15:55We take care of that later on.

15:58I just want to show you quickly how it works.

16:00I click OK and you see the geocoding runs.

16:04Hundred percent of the addresses were matched.

16:07That's really the ideal case.

16:09I can close this dialog and you see here, I have my geocoding results.

16:17A new point layer has been added to the table of contents...

16:21...and you see if I zoom to it, here are all my restaurants in the San Diego Gaslamp Quarter.

16:29I took, only took the ones that are walking distance from here.

16:32And if I symbolize them nicely, I can see them a little better, I could do anything I wanted to with this layer now.

16:41I can label it, anything I wanted to.

16:44So that's batch geocoding, taking a table of addresses and geocode it.

16:50Now last but not least, what I want to show you also is that reverse geocoding.

16:56Remember, reverse geocoding, clicking a map and getting an address in return.

17:02So there's one button here on the Geocoding toolbar, it's called the Address Inspector.

17:08And if I activate that and click the map, you see if I keep my mouse button down...

17:14...I get the closest address to the location where my mouse pointer is just placed.

17:22And this is really great for exploring an area, if you want to find out maybe what's wrong with an unmatched address.

17:29What's the address range in a particular block?

17:33Very handy when it comes to exploring your data.

17:36So address locator, Address Inspector button on the Geocoding toolbar.

17:44All right. So let's go back, let's go back to the presentation and...

17:51...talk a little bit more about the components that we need for geocoding.

17:55In fact, we have identified already quite a few of them.

17:58Definitely, we want to end up with features on the map.

18:02These are our points.

18:04And you've also seen already the table of addresses that we feed into our geocoding...

18:09...so that we can get a whole point layer in return.

18:14Now in the center of all of this is the address locator.

18:18The address locator is the main tool that we use to do our geocoding...

18:24...and we will see in quite, in a little bit what exactly an address locator is.

18:29You see, we have several address locator styles that are built into the software.

18:36There are different...

18:37We can build address locators in different ways, depending on what kind of addresses we want to geocode.

18:44For example, there are different address formats in the U.S., right?

18:48We have the standard format with address, city, state and ZIP.

18:56But then we have, like, in other areas in the U.S., we have alphanumeric addresses, we have hyphenated addresses...

19:04... and not to mention at all the situation where we want to geocode place-names...

19:09...or if we want to geocode x,y locations or ZIP Codes.

19:14So we do need different types of address locators for all these kinds of different location descriptions that we want to geocode.

19:24And that's what the address locator styles are for.

19:27They come with the software.

19:28We don't have to build them ourselves.

19:33All right. And, oh, one more thing.

19:35Depending on what kind, what kind of reference data I want to use, what kind of address data I have...

19:44...the different types of address or location data will require different types of reference data.

19:51So for example, if I have addresses, I might want to use street centerlines or some cities even have address points.

20:00For each individual house, they have an address point.

20:04You can use that as reference data.

20:06Or if you think of another situation, maybe I'm... I'm a store owner and I want to know where all my customers are.

20:14When they check out, I ask them for my, for their ZIP Code.

20:17Well, in that situation, maybe I just want to, want to geocode by ZIP Code...

20:23...and then of course I need a ZIP Code layer as my reference data.

20:28So depending on what kind of reference data I use, I build different address locators...

20:34...and the first step in my geocoding workflow is then, well, I need to build or obtain the right kind of reference data.

20:47Reference data can come from many different sources.

20:50Maybe the most common source is our software itself.

20:54I don't know if you know that, but the software ArcGIS Desktop comes with a media kit.

21:02It's a set of DVDs, Esri Data & Map DVDs, where on one of these DVDs, you have a street map dataset, StreetMap USA.

21:14It's a dataset of street centerlines of the entire USA, ready-made for geocoding.

21:22And even more, it comes with a ready-made address locator.

21:25You don't even have to worry about the address locator anymore.

21:28You can use it right away for geocoding.

21:31Just a warning. It's massive.

21:32Don't try to copy it to your hard drive.

21:35If you try to copy it, just take a subset of it.

21:38It's very big.

21:41Or another possibility, you might be going to the census bureau Web site and download some TIGER data.

21:48TIGER data, there are street centerlines that you can use for geocoding, as well, and use as reference data.

21:58Well, reference data, that's, we can take them from other sources, but I saw from the survey earlier.

22:06...a lot of you are from city governments, right? County governments.

22:12You might be cleaning your reference data in-house.

22:14Maybe you have field crews going to the field...

22:17...and they, of course, always have the most up-to-date information to put into your reference data.

22:23Maybe you just create those reference data in-house or purchase them.

22:28There's Tele Atlas, there's StreetMap.

22:31A lot of companies, well, that's what they make their money with.

22:34They work, they invest a lot of time and effort to always offer you the, the most up-to-date kind of reference data for geocoding.

22:47Last but not least, I want to mention ArcGIS.com.

22:51You will hear a lot about ArcGIS.com at this User Conference.

22:56It's our new data sharing Web site, and of course, it's a great place to go...

23:00...go for any kind of data including reference data for geocoding.

23:08Might be finding even some geocoding services there that you can use without even doing the geocoding on your own machine.

23:16So check out ArcGIS.com, what used to be ArcGIS Online.

23:20You will be rerouted to this ArcGIS.com Web site.

23:28So no matter what you do, if you obtain reference data or if you built them yourselves...

23:34...there are a couple of things you have to ask yourself when you do that...

23:38...and first and foremost it's, What level of detail do I need in my reference data?

23:46Do I need them at the city level?

23:50Do I need, do I want to geocode addresses within a city?

23:54Maybe I work for the city government and I want to build my address database...

23:59... or maybe I'm a store owner, want to see where my customers are.

24:04But then, well, maybe once, every once in a while, a customer comes from another state or another county.

24:11So do I want to also be able to geocode countrywide or even worldwide?

24:19What's my spatial extent for the geocoding?

24:23And depending on... on that spatial extent, what kind of address attributes do I need in my reference data?

24:31We will see different address locator styles require different types of information in the reference data.

24:39And this is stored as the address attributes.

24:44Speaking of the address locator style here, the next step after we build it, build or obtain our reference data...

24:53...well, we have to decide what kind of reference, what kind of address locator do we want to make?

24:59What kind of style do we use to do our geocoding?

25:06So what's an address locator style?

25:10Well, basically it's a template for making an address locator.

25:15It contains all the parameters and properties to build an address locator in our software.

25:22Let's say you work for a city government, you have the most up-to-date reference data...

25:29...and now you want to use that reference data and make your own address locator.

25:35So definitely, the address information and the reference data determine which style of address locator you will build.

25:46And you see here in the graphic, these are the new address locator styles available in ArcGIS 10...

25:53...and what we have highlighted in blue here is probably the one that you will most commonly use.

26:00It's called US Address Dual Ranges.

26:04The dual ranges stands for house number ranges on both sides of the street.

26:09Remember, you've maybe, maybe you remember from the first map that I've shown you...

26:21...and that's attribute information that we have in the reference data.

26:24That's what you use the Dual Ranges address locator style for.

26:30But then there are others.

26:31There's, for example, one range single house.

26:34 And I'm going to show you a few examples of these address locator styles that we offer here.

26:41So definitely, there's dual ranges.

26:44Dual Ranges is meant for house numbers on both sides of the street...

26:50...and when you look at the corresponding attribute table...

26:52...whenever you see these attribute fields in the attribute table of the reference data like LFADD...

27:00...Left from Address, Right...Left to Address, Right from Address, Right to Address...

27:10...these are house number ranges, the starting and the ending house number for each street feature.

27:18This is when you would use the Dual Ranges address locator style.

27:25Another example here.

27:27Well, maybe you have address points for your reference data.

27:31Maybe your city government has an address point for each and every individual address in your city.

27:38There's another address locator style called Single House, U.S. Address Single House...

27:43...which uses points or polygons as reference data.

27:47So for example, address points.

27:50And you see right here the house number is in a different field and the street name is in a different field.

28:03Now we talk about addresses a lot here.

28:06We talk about street addresses a lot but we don't want to forget that geocoding is not only about addresses.

28:15What if you have a list of place-names?

28:19Like in this example here, you have a list of place-names like Manzanita School, Brickyard Park, you name it.

28:29We have a table of place-names that we want to geocode against some sort of...

28:37...well, not some sort of but against the right reference data.

28:42The address locator style that allows us to do that is a general address locator called gazetteer.

28:50That's also a new one.

28:51And basically, it works with points or with polygons as reference data.

28:59And it's the... it works as a big lookup table, basically.

29:02We've built the lookup table in the reference data and the address locator...

29:06...would match the place-names that we find, that we type in with the right record in the reference data.

29:19So back to our work, geocoding workflow.

29:23We built our reference data, we determined what style do we want to use.

29:28Now it's time to actually build the address locator.

29:33And while building an address locator, it's a very straightforward process.

29:37You can build it either as a file-based address locator and store it in a folder...

29:44... or, well, you can store it in a geodatabase as well.

29:48No matter what storage method you choose, you right-click the folder or the geodatabase...

29:55...point to New, and then there's an entry New Address Locator...

30:00...that you will, that will open a wizard where you can type in all the information.

30:07Now an address locator, it definitely, it defines the process of geocoding, and we call it a tool.

30:14It's the main tool that you use for your, for your geocoding, but if you take a closer look, in fact it is a dataset.

30:23It's a dataset of all the attributes, the indices, queries, that the address locator uses to match the addresses.

30:34But first and foremost, it's also a snapshot of the reference data.

30:44When you build your address locator...

30:47...it looks back to the reference data and takes a snapshot of it so it becomes independent from the reference data later on.

30:55You can share it with other people.

30:57You don't have to worry about the reference data so much anymore.

31:01That's really great.

31:02That's why address locators can sometimes be fairly big.

31:06Well, they contain a snapshot of the, of the reference data.

31:10And I know you might be thinking now, well, what if something changes in the reference data?

31:15Definitely we can update address locators, and maybe Agatha will talk about that later. Okay?

31:23Now building an address locator, here's the process.

31:26First of all, of course, we have to take a look at our address and our reference data...

31:31...to determine what kind of address locator style we want to use and what address locator we want to build.

31:37Then there's a tool that we open just by right-clicking on either the folder or the geodatabase.

31:43That's one way to open them.

31:45We will see later, there are other ways.

31:48We select an address locator style, specify which kind of reference data we want or specify the dataset...

31:56...where is our reference data.

31:59And then optionally, while most of the time it will pick up all the required fields automatically in the reference data...

32:07...and match them to the required field in the address locator...

32:12...but sometimes we have to go in and do a little bit of manual rematching here.

32:17Also, if you work in an ArcSDE type of geodatabase, you might be specifying your configuration keyword...

32:25...and then definitely in the end, we specify where is the address locator stored and how do we call, what's the name of it.

32:34All right, it's time to show you all this.

32:37How do we build our own address locator.

32:40So back to ArcMap, back to San Diego here.

32:48Here we are in ArcGIS 10, and you've probably heard about, many times, you heard about our built-in Catalog window now.

32:57You see, it's one of these dockable windows.

33:00I can autohide it or I can push the pushpin here to dock it.

33:06Now, I'm here in my San Diego geodatabase.

33:11It's my default geodatabase for this map document and this is where I want to build my address locator.

33:18To do that, I just right-click on the San Diego geodatabase, point to New Address Locator...

33:28...and you can see here's the Create Address Locator tool.

33:33The first thing it will ask me, well, what kind of address locator style do you want to use?

33:41So I actually point, I...

33:48...I point to the Dual Ranges address locator here.

33:52This is the most commonly used one because...

33:58...I have actually a street centerline dataset that, with house number ranges on two...

34:04...on both sides of the street that I want to use as my reference data.

34:09I should have showed you that, shown you that earlier.

34:12This is actually the... this... the reference dataset that I'm going to use...

34:18...here, my street layer in my table of contents.

34:23And we have the address information here.

34:28We have house number ranges on both sides.

34:35All right. So my reference data, it's my streets from the table of contents...

34:41...and you see, as soon as I specify the reference data...

34:45...you see it automatically matches the required information with the fields in the reference data.

34:52Again I used some standard names here.

34:56So let's call the output address locator San Diego.

35:05All right. And I don't need a configuration keyword because I work in a file geodatabase...

35:12...so I can just click OK and you see it's processing in the background now.

35:17At the bottom, I see there's a banner going on here that tells me, okay, the tool is running.

35:25And as soon as it finishes, it will give me a visual feedback for my address locator.

35:35It's a little slow this morning.

35:36My computer's still waking up.

35:46All right. So here it is.

35:49So as soon as I built my address locator in ArcMap, you see it's actually added to the list of available address locators...

35:57...here on the Geocoding toolbar.

36:00So I'm ready to use it now.

36:03I could do my geocoding but that will be my next demonstration.

36:07If I would have done this from within the ArcCatalog application...

36:12...I would have needed to manually add this address locator to ArcMap, but since I've built it in ArcMap...

36:19...I don't need to do that. All right?

36:24Let's go back to the slide show.

36:27All right. So, you've seen me creating an address locator in the geodatabase.

36:34You can create it in a folder as a file-based address locator, but no matter what format you choose...

36:44...we would like you to always use ArcCatalog to manage your address locators.

36:50And I'm not saying that because I work for Esri. No.

36:53It really saves you a lot of trouble.

36:56Address locators, especially with file-based address locators, they have many associated files.

37:04And for example, let's say you rename one of the locator files, forget to rename the other associated locator files...

37:12...you can easily corrupt your data.

37:14ArcCatalog is smart enough to know about all these file associations and it will rename them all together...

37:22...copy and paste them all together, so there's less risk of corrupting your data, your file-based address locators.

37:30And, well, if you store them in the geodatabase, you would use ArcCatalog anyway to, to access them.

37:36Address locators, they come with this house icon.

37:42I want everybody to remember this house icon here.

37:46This one, this is how an address locator looks like, okay?

37:53And you can copy and paste them, you can rename them, whatever you'd like to do with them.

37:58And, of course, use them for your geocoding.

38:02Now so far, we've always talked about one single address loca-... building one single address locator to geocode...

38:10...using one single reference dataset, and for most of the cases, that's just fine, that's all we need.

38:18But there are these situations, well, when things fail.

38:23For example, you have a citywide address locator here, you want to see where your customers are.

38:31But every once in a while, you have a customer from out of town.

38:35So in cases like this, you can use or build what we call a composite address locator...

38:43...where we combine multiple, individual address locators into one single address locator and build kind of a fallback scenario.

38:55So the addresses that fail in your city address locator...

38:58...you might want to feed them into your nationwide address locator that uses a different reference dataset.

39:05And maybe as a catch-it-all solution in the end, if everything fails...

39:09...you could have a postal code address locator to at least put the address into the right ZIP Code area.

39:17This is what we call composite address locators.

39:21We geocode against multiple reference datasets and build this kind of cascading, fallback scenario.

39:28This way, we can really catch and geocode quite disjointed address datasets and use different reference data.

39:40Now how do we build such a thing, a composite address locator?

39:43You see, there's another tool for it; it's another geoprocessing tool.

39:48And you see here at the top in the red box, this is where we specify which address locators we want to combine.

39:56So if we zoom in here, you'll see I have in this case combined a city of Atlanta geo-... address locator...

40:07...which I use for my city addresses, with an, with an address locator of postal codes for the entire U.S.

40:14So I built my individual address locators first, and then combine them...

40:19...reference them here in this Built Composite Address Locator tool.

40:27There needs to be some field mapping because the composite address locator requires, again, certain types of information...

40:33...and this...this information may be stored in different fields in the individual address locators.

40:41Again, most of the time, it picks up the fields automatically, and you'll see in this case, it does.

40:47If not, we could go in and, and, and rematch that information.

40:53So in this case, the street information, it's call, it's in a street field in the Atlanta address locator...

40:59...the city, the state, and the ZIP, as well, and also the ZIP information, of course, is in the postal code address locator.

41:10All right. So we've done our field matching.

41:12All that is left to do is give the address locator a meaningful name...

41:17...and then click OK to build your composite address locator.

41:21It will just be another item in your geodatabase or in your folder that you can then use for geocoding.

41:31And last but not least, after we've done all this, we determined what address locator style we need...

41:37...built our address locator, individual or composite one.

41:42Now we're finally ready to do our geocoding and locate our addresses.

41:50Now I've showed you the Geocoding toolbar already in the demo.

41:55Here we have kind of a nice and labeled picture of it.

42:00You see the drop-down menu gives you all the available address locators in this particular map document...

42:08...and if you'd like to add an address locator to this list, you would go to this Manage Address Locator entry here, click it...

42:18...which would take you to that list of default address locators but also you can, you can...

42:25... you can navigate to wherever address locator style, wherever your address locator is saved.

42:35On the right side of the Geocoding toolbar, you see there's the address inspector.

42:39We used that one already.

42:40We can type in addresses here.

42:42We've done that.

42:44Now for batch geocoding there's another button here, Geocode Addresses.

42:49It basically, it's another way.

42:51We can either right-click on a table, do our batch geocoding that way, or click this Geocode Addresses button...

42:58...and then later on, when it comes to going back and rematch some unmatched addresses...

43:04...this is when we use this Review and Rematch button here. Okay?

43:11Now there's one tool, I want to mention that here because it's not on the Geocoding toolbar.

43:18It's a great tool for finding addresses.

43:23In basically interactive geocoding, it's a Find tool on the Tools toolbar, this binocular button...

43:30...and you see we have a Locations tab here in the Find tool, which brings up a panel where we specify an address locator.

43:40We can type in an address and any address that we want to find...

43:45...you see 380 New York Street, that's the address of our headquarter in Redlands...

43:52...and then as soon as we click Find, it gives us a list of possible candidates for this address.

44:00And this is the difference between typing the address into our field on the Geocoding toolbar and using this Find tool.

44:08Well, you get a little more information here.

44:11You get all the possible candidates, you get the score for each of the candidates...

44:17...how well the candidate has been matched to the address, which side of the street it is, and you see some additional information.

44:25You can right-click again, zoom to it, add a point or a callout, all these different things that we can, that we have seen before. Okay?

44:35Save it to My Places, different options here.

44:43All right. So geocoding an address in ArcMap, and I'm talking about batch geocoding here, works in a way that...

44:52...we add the address locator style to ArcMap if we created it outside of ArcMap.

44:58We specify which table we want to geocode.

45:03We go in and specify what output type do we want to save our point data in, as a shapefile or maybe as a geodatabase feature class.

45:15Where do we want to save it.

45:17And then optionally, well, sometimes we go back into the geocoding options and tweak some of the parameters there.

45:26I'm going to show you that in the next demo.

45:29There are some things that we can play with, for example, the spelling sensitivity...

45:33...how picky the address locator is, if there are any typos.

45:38We can add additional fields to the output table, for example, the x,y locations.

45:44These are all options, and we can play with that before we then geocode our addresses and...

45:50...hopefully we don't have to go back and review and rematch too many of the addresses.

45:58Hopefully, most of, hopefully it works fairly well.

46:03All right. So let's go back, do another demonstration here and see how geocoding works.

46:13Now, remember I showed you the Find tool earlier?

46:17That's another thing I want to demonstrate here.

46:20Just make sure that everybody recognizes the Find tool.

46:24It's on the Tools toolbar.

46:26It's this binocular button on the Tools toolbar.

46:31And you see, if I click the Location tab, this is where I can choose an address locator...

46:37...and you see it automatically picks up the address locator that I created earlier, the San Diego address locator...

46:44...but I could use any of the built-in address locators as well.

46:49As long as I have an Internet connection, I can use any of the ArcGIS Online address locators, and they are actually services.

46:58They are actually geocoding services.

47:01Okay. Let's type in an address again.

47:05Triple-1 West Harbor Drive.

47:12Press Enter, and you'll see in this case, we get two candidates.

47:17We get with a score of a hundred, we get the location of our convention center here...

47:24...but apparently there's also a Harbor Drive without the West...

47:28...so that has a slightly lower score, you see, because one of the components is not a perfect match.

47:34Then we can go there, zoom to it, we know the location already, see, it puts it into the right location...

47:41...and we, if we wanted to, we could add another label here.

47:45That's the Find tool. That's the Find tool.

47:48Gives me a bit more information, a little bit more information than the Geocoding toolbar.

47:56It's just the, the Find tool has been there before, ArcGIS 10, it's just historically grown that it's not on the Geocoding toolbar.

48:06It's good for finding any kinds of things, not only addresses.

48:11All right. So let's do our batch geocoding.

48:14And you see for our geocoding, I built the San Diego address locator.

48:19This time I'm going to use the street centerlines layer that I have here in my map document as reference data.

48:29So to start the batch geocoding, I'm going to show you here, I want to show you this Geocode Addresses button.

48:37It's another way to open this wizard environment.

48:42I use the San Diego address locator that I just built, click OK.

48:48And you see again, it... it automatically remembers the last time, the last address table that I've geocoded...

48:59...but I want to geocode a different table now.

49:02Well, we're all here in beautiful San Diego.

49:05We have a week of conferencing in front of us, but maybe next weekend...

49:10...you want to take the family to some tourists' attraction, maybe want to go to the zoo, go to Sea World.

49:17And, well, we're well-prepared, right?

49:21One of our colleagues before has been to San Diego before and gave us an Excel spreadsheet of San Diego tourist places.

49:31That's what I want to geocode now.

49:33I will navigate to my Geocoding folder.

49:41Let's see, there we are.

49:48Here we have our San Diego tourist places Excel spreadsheet that we want to geocode.

49:58So we add that.

50:01And you see the individual spreadsheets in an Excel file, they come up as tables.

50:07And we'll geocode the tourist places here and specify that as an address table.

50:16The output will be called Tourist Places.

50:25And this time I'm going to take a closer look at the geocoding options.

50:29You see here, if I click Geocoding Options, I get different parameters that I can play with.

50:37For example, I could play with the spelling sensitivity.

50:41If I would require that, well, the, all of my addresses must be perfectly spelled right, I could set it to a hundred.

50:48It's set to 80 by default to be a little bit more forgiving.

50:53Sometimes when you go back and rematch unmatched addresses, you could lower the spelling sensitivity...

51:00...but then you run the risk that you get actually mismatched addresses.

51:04Of course, that would impact the quality of your geocoding, so I just, I'm just going to leave it.

51:10Also we have different scores here.

51:12The minimum candidate score, how well a candidate must be matched to an address so that, that it comes up as a possible candidate.

51:21And the minimum match score is something that we use later for rematching.

51:26How well must a candidate match so that we can actually rematch it, maybe if we have two tied candidates.

51:37Down here in the Intersections field, you see, we can specify connectors for street intersections.

51:44So not only can we geocode street addresses, we can also geocode street intersections.

51:50For example, I might want to call, add the forward slash here to this list of default connectors so that I can say, maybe...

51:59...Main Stre-... Main Street/Broadway, Main Street at Broadway, that's my street intersection that I want to geocode.

52:07Offsets, I can set side offsets, end offsets, usually a street address is not right on the street centerline, right?

52:15So we usually have some kind of offset to each side.

52:19And down at the bottom here, this is where you add additional fields...

52:24...additional fields to the output table of your point feature class.

52:29So I recommend that you add, always add the x,y location.

52:33Why? Well, you can, once you have the x,y location on your point data...

52:38...it's really easy to use that point feature class later on for further analysis.

52:44You don't have to go back and manually add the x,y locations.

52:49It's handy to have it.

52:51So, this is a quick and easy way to just get x,y coordinates on your points, so why not check it.

52:58I could also add the percent along the street, but I'm not going to do it now.

53:03All right. So these are our geocoding options, and later on, I don't know...

53:08...Agatha will probably also talk here about the place-name table.

53:13That's another option where you can specify a lookup table for place-names.

53:20But, again, this is, I don't have it set up for that.

53:24I'm just going to click OK.

53:26And you see this time, well, 98 percent of our addresses have been matched.

53:31This is very well, very darn good.

53:34Only two addresses, two addresses, two percent have been, have been unmatched, are unmatched...

53:41...could not be matched, so we will go back later and see what's going on with these addresses and possibly rematch those addresses. Okay?

54:03All right. So we have seen when we do our batch geocoding, this, first of all, we, as the user...

54:11...have the opportunity to add additional fields to our output feature class...

54:17...but also the software, also the software adds additional fields to the original address table that we fed... that we feed in.

54:26Definitely, there's a status field here, M for matched and U for unmatched, that the software adds...

54:34...once the... so that we can easily see later on where are our unmatched candidates.

54:39And there's also a possibility for a T.

54:42T would be tied if there's multiple candidates for the same address with the same score.

54:50Speaking of the score, the match score, that's another attribute that will be added.

54:55The match type, if it's A, automatically matched, or M, manually matched.

55:02And you'll see later, we also have the opportunity to pick the address on, from the map, that would be PP, picked.

55:14All right. And last but not least, I want to talk a little bit about the Match Address field.

55:19The Match Address field will be added to the output table, and the address in the Match Address field...

55:25...it could be possibly be slightly different from the individual, from the original address.

55:33Why is that?

55:35Well, not every match score is a hundred.

55:38It's not always a perfect match.

55:40So it finds the closest address to match to the original address...

55:46...and that's what you see in the Match Address field, the address that has been found.

55:51It's good to have this information so that you can go back later on maybe and compare, how good...

55:57...how well has my address been matched.

56:05Why won't some addresses not match?

56:08That's always the big question.

56:10Well, definitely, the reason could be in the reference data.

56:15Reference data can become out-of-date very easily.

56:18If reference data is not current, maybe the address information is plain just not there, or...

56:25...it could easily be that you have entire address ranges that are missing.

56:31In the address table, in the original address table that you fill in, well, not too surprising, typos happen, right?

56:38Everybody knows that.

56:41Typos are really the most, the number one reason for mismatched addresses or unmatched addresses...

56:48...and sometimes, even people put either wrong or additional information into their address, into their addresses.

56:58I know of an example where, in one city, we had a fairly low income neighborhood.

57:05But then there was some blocks with some very nice houses.

57:10These people, they didn't want to have that particular street in their or in that particular city name in their address.

57:20So they just put a different, different city information there.

57:24So this is, this is the case where you have just incorrect information for one or other, one or the other reason in your addresses.

57:32Or maybe you have too much information, like the house num-, the apartment number and, and a P.O. box.

57:40This could, this could possibly be a problem with your address data...

57:46...although we have, have developed ways to handle these kinds of situations.

57:54All right. So, with unmatched addresses or if an address has two candidates with the same, tied score...

58:03...we have to go back, we have to see what's going on there.

58:06We want to rematch those addresses.

58:11We have different ways to do that.

58:13You see that here in the slide, there's an automatic way where we could go back into the geocoding options...

58:21...and maybe play with the spelling sensitivity or play with the match score.

58:26These are all things that we can automatically, that we can change and then automatically geocode again.

58:34See if that helps with our results.

58:37If we have a lot of unmatched addresses, we might not have a different choice.

58:44But I really recommend, if you have the resources and the time to do it, go in and interactively rematch.

58:54Interactively means manual.

58:56Well, it does take some time to go into the unmatched addresses.

59:00See what's going on.

59:02Find out what's wrong with the address and then fix it and manually rematch again.

59:11Also, and you will see that in the next demo, there is a...

59:14...the possibility to match the address just by picking it interactively with your mouse pointer.

59:21Click the map and pick it, pick the address and match it to the location from the map. Okay?

59:31Here's how the dialog looks like.

59:33I don't want to spend too much time on it because I'm going to show it to you in the demo.

59:37We have the output table, so we can go back and find our unmatched candidates, for example.

59:44The area here on the left, this is where you fix your addresses...

59:49...and at the bottom here, we have the Pick Addresses From Map tool.

59:55That allows us to pick an address from the map and match it to an unmatched candidate.

1:00:02So let's go back, let's go into our next software demonstration.

1:00:16And you remember, you might remember here with our tourist places, we had two unmatched addresses.

1:00:24So I want to go back and re-... review and rematch those addresses. All right.

1:00:31So here we are, here we are in our output table.

1:00:35The first thing I'm going to do, I sort descending based on the Status field so that...

1:00:41...that I get my unmatched addresses right at the top of the table here.

1:00:46And you see if I highlight the first one, if I select it, the address will be displayed here...in this address field.

1:00:58And you'll see there's 3701 N North Harbor Drive.

1:01:06N and North, that's redundant, right?

1:01:10We have either one or the other, so let me delete the N. Okay.

1:01:15So let's see what happens.

1:01:17I deleted the N and I'm going to click Search again.

1:01:22Wow. Not bad.

1:01:24I got another candidate here of a hundred.

1:01:27Once I fix, fixed the address, I got a pretty good match.

1:01:31I'm going to use this candidate and match it to the unmatched address.

1:01:36All I need to do is click the Match button here and you'll see then the Status field changes from U for unmatched to M for matched.

1:01:46Pretty good. All right.

1:01:49So the next candidate here.

1:01:51Let's take a look at the next candidate.

1:01:53Let's take a look at this address here, 201 Fourth Avenue.

1:02:03Can you see anything wrong with this address?

1:02:07Doesn't look like it, right?

1:02:09Looks pretty darned good.

1:02:12Well, that happens actually oftentimes that an address looks okay but for one or the other reason it doesn't match.

1:02:20This is where your work starts, this is where the detective work starts, and you have to find out what's going on there.

1:02:27Now, in this case, I want to show you how to pick an address from a map.

1:02:33If we scroll through the record here, you see this unmatched address actually belongs to a hotel, the Hilton, Hilton Gaslamp.

1:02:42When you walked this morning to the convention center, you might have seen this hotel.

1:02:46It's right across the street from here.

1:02:48And this is maybe a situation that you encounter also with your own data.

1:02:52You have an idea where this address will be, so you can just go to that area in your map...

1:03:00...and interactively match this address and pick it from the map.

1:03:05This is what we use this Pick Address button for here at the bottom.

1:03:10So let me zoom in a little closer here.

1:03:13Let me zoom in to the convention center.

1:03:19And here, there's the address, there's the Hilton Gaslamp Hotel.

1:03:24It's here right between the Hyatt Hotel.

1:03:27Here's where we go to lunch later on.

1:03:30So I will use my Pick Address tool from the dialog here and click the map.

1:03:40You see, it interactively retrieves the closest street address where I click.

1:03:47And if I move along Fourth Street, you see it's actually a 300 house number range instead of a 200.

1:03:55Maybe it should be 304 or 301 instead of 201; 306, I get here.

1:04:04So why not pick this address and you see it automatically matches the address.

1:04:17You actually right-click and pick the address from the map, and then you see the, the Status field updates.

1:04:25[Inaudible audience question]

1:04:28How come it didn't put the address in the Match Address field?

1:04:31[Inaudible audience question]

1:04:33Because it's not a matched address, it's a matched location, okay?

1:04:40All right. So that's rematching. Fixing what's unmatched.

1:04:46So that's often the detective work that happens after you've done your geocoding.

1:04:57Last but not least, I want to spend a few minutes and talk about automating geocoding.

1:05:04Now building an address locator, reminding you of batch geocoding with a table of addresses is one, it's one thing.

1:05:13But, well, if you have thousands or even millions of addresses to geocode...

1:05:18...like maybe each week you get a new set of addresses that you want to process, that can take quite a bit of time.

1:05:26So in our software, we have ways to automate this process.

1:05:32First of all, you see here, we have a picture of ArcCatalog and in the geocoding tools, tool, of our toolbox, I'm sorry.

1:05:42In the Geocoding Tools toolbox, we find all the, a lot of the tools that we have used for our geocoding, right?

1:05:51You see, there's a Create Address Locator, there's a Geocode Addresses, there's a Rematch Addresses tool.

1:05:57All these are geoprocessing tools that, well, we can access in many different ways.

1:06:04We know that, right?

1:06:05We can access them from the tool dialog but we can also use them in a tool called ModelBuilder.

1:06:14ModelBuilder is a way to concatenate, to string tools together and, well, run an entire workflow that we have saved before.

1:06:26It's very straightforward to build our own little geocode, -coding model...

1:06:33...and maybe run it over and over again when we get a new batch of addresses in.

1:06:38So you want to maybe build your model, you build it from within a custom toolbox, you build your own user-defined toolbox.

1:06:47Add your tools to the, to your new model, you can just drag and drop your tools from ArcToolbox into your model canvas...

1:06:56...and also drag and drop your data that you're going to use for geocoding from the Catalog window...

1:07:03...again, same way, into your model canvas.

1:07:06You save your model and you can run it over and over again.

1:07:13Now you might be thinking, ModelBuilder, that's nice, but what if I want to do a little more?

1:07:19What if I, for example, want to run my model automatically every Friday night?

1:07:27Or maybe what if I wanted to build some additional logic into my workflow...

1:07:32...maybe pick a different address locator based on some conditions that I have in my address table.

1:07:38Automatically pick the right address locator from my address data.

1:07:43I can do that with scripting, but...

1:07:45...I don't know about you, but most of us are probably not programmers who know scripting very well.

1:07:53Now, in these cases, in these cases I can take my model...

1:07:59...build it nice and interactively with all my graphical user interface tools, and export it.

1:08:06Export it to a script, for example, to a Python script that would then...

1:08:13...allow me to maybe add in some additional logic or attach it to Windows Scheduler and run it overnight.

1:08:23Windows Scheduler works with any kind of script that you feed into it.

1:08:29So these are all ways how we can, different ways how we can access and use our geocoding tools...

1:08:35...to make us a little more productive with our geocoding and save us the time and patience to wait for it.

1:08:43Also, if you are a programmer, if you are an ArcObjects programmer...

1:08:47...definitely you can access those geocoding tools with ArcObjects as well.

1:08:53All right, so in summary, let's wrap it up.

1:08:58We've talked about what is geocoding, right?

1:09:01It's the process of taking a location, location information, a text information...

1:09:07... a description, a place-name, an address, an x,y coordinate, anything like that and turn it into an address point.

1:09:17We talked about the geocoding components.

1:09:20First and foremost, the address locator is the most important component, the most important tool that we need for geocoding.

1:09:28We also need reference data.

1:09:30We build our, we obtain our reference data, built it, use it to build an address locator, and then do our geocoding.

1:09:39And last but not least, we also saw that geocoding tools, they are nothing else than geoprocessing tools. Okay?

1:09:48May I say, before you all leave, could you please fill out the evaluation forms, as well?

1:09:54We're not done yet with, I still have one more slide to show you, okay?

1:10:01I want to show you some additional resources because this is the intro and you will have questions.

1:10:07There's the resource center Web site at ArcGIS.com...

1:10:11...and also some additional technical support articles you can access from this resource center Web site, especially the Web help.

1:10:20There's an entire geocoding tutorial in the Web help with exercises.

1:10:26You can install the tutorial data, run geocoding at ArcGIS 10.

1:10:32And also we have some additional presentations here at this conference.

1:10:36Agatha will talk about advanced geocoding right after this, and down in the Software Showcase Island...

1:10:42...we have the product engineers, we have people that you can talk to, talk about geocoding.

1:10:49On Wednesday morning at 10:00, our geocoding experts will be there.

1:10:54Actually, will that be you, Agatha, probably right?

1:10:57And my team.

1:10:58Here we are!

1:11:03Thank you so much, thank you so much for attending.